If Pragmatism is an in-depth knowledge of the components of the discourse process, through knowledge of the methods and mechanisms by which sayings are formulated and interpreted, and if language is a key element in forming discourse to achieve communication. The biggest challenge facing Pragmatism is describing the process of interpretation, adjusting concepts, and defining the mechanisms to reach the intention of communicating any saying, and among these concepts the implications of saying. Since the discourse was originally conducted through linguistic and non-linguistic elements, the efforts of the Pragmatic researchers were distributed in order to create general laws for linguistic use according to specific conditions in order to control the process of linguistic communication to reach the intention of the discourse. Therefore, we will attempt through this paper to present an approach to the efforts of Pragmatic researchers to describe the process of interpreting words and discourses to understand the process of communication. Therefore, we will try through this paper to present an approach to the efforts of researchers in Pragmatism to describe the process of interpreting words and discourses to understand the process of communication, by identifying the cognitive, contextual and psychological backgrounds that control the process of communication between the speakers and the listeners. Finally, we arrive at how to reach the implicit meanings in words and discourses, by examining the most important communicative competencies in interpreting the implications of saying. .

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This study aims to find out the grammatical persuasion methods in AlJahiz’s book The Misers, “Albukhala”. The study will adopt Sahl ibn Harun's letter as a model; the study was confined to a main set of persuasive techniques, namely: the clause of the "if, though, what if" and its effect on persuasion, and the use of some grammatical tools such as: "that, and indeed, and perhaps " and to show their effect on persuasion when used by AlJahiz. All of this was preceded by an introduction to the importance of language and grammar in the study of the text, and a prelude to explain the concept of persuasion and its methods. Keywords: AlJahiz, Sahel Ben Haroun, persuading, condition, if, indeed, perhaps. .

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The present Study aims at investigating the citation of Hadith – Prophet Mohammad's tradition and using that in illustrating Al-Mubarrid's book, Al-Kamel where he copiously exemplifies and refers to sayings of the Prophet to signify linguistic aspects. This provokes researcher to investigate their form and the way of citation. Here, it becomes crucial to adopt the descriptive analytical methodology, which best suits the nature of the study. Depending on Dr. Abdul-Hameed Mehdawi's auditing of Al-Kamel, the researcher investigates the citations on the morphological, syntactic in addition to the semantic levels. The investigation has also shed light on the linguistic case for which Al-Mubarrid did cite the Hadith, including its authenticity or weakness and whether narrators provided one original quotation or various ones. The study also investigates the status of Hadith among other augmenting references; verses of Glorious Qur'an, poetry and prose. Keywords: Al-Mubarrid, Al-Kamel, Prophetic Tradition .

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This paper aims to explore the collected crowded image, that is the sequence of successive images of one thing or one purpose, followed by one after another to provoke the recipient of the exact same thing. Thus, one of the research problems was that the images abound in literature texts and are successive at times, and the purpose is one and nothing else. The study highlights the producer' need and the way to study such pictures. The study attempts to identify them in order to reach the purpose for which presenter had been directed to draw and employ them. One of the dimensions of the studyis to deal with texts of the Noble Qur’an and Hadith, the ancient poetry, and some other texts. It is found out that the poet or writer resort to this type in order to satisfy his soul first towards a specific issue or proof of something or exile. At the same time, he fills the thirst of imagination inherent in himself and his mind as a result of the events imposing them on reality in spite of the beauty and consistency with what heneeds from the recipient's excitement and the hardening of his mind in order to keep control and the power of literature to pursue what aspiring him to show what he sees and feels without feeling bored, having his mind and soul..

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This research aims to illuminate the term hermeneutics, which was closely related to interpretation in Western thought, as well as highlighting the most important paths of its development, starting with "Schleiermacher", which confirmed that the hermapnoteka is a way to reveal the structure of descriptive internal texts and their cognitive function and search for the facts contained therein. It is suggested that a note of interpretation be the basis for the interpretation of all forms of writing in the humanities based on a methodology that moves from understanding specific specific texts to interpretation of all texts. While Heidegger sees that the hermeneut is no longer a method for forming objective knowledge, but rather has become a method for deepening existence based on the element of understanding as a foundation For the human existence of knowledge, which bears its own interpretation, because comprehension is a method of existence before it is a method of knowledge. As for Ghadamir, his exegetical theory is based on the assumption that history constitutes an uninterrupted continuation, a continuation devoid of interruption and negation, it is a theory that assumes that work belonging to the past deepens our current self-understanding. Let Paul Ricoeur come and link the concept of the hermeneut to the depth of writing being an existential reality He sees the necessity of linking the text to its historical and psychological contexts, because the text is not directed at a certain range of readers, but rather it is a kind of timeless subject that cuts its ties to historical development. The results indicate that the hermeneutics is the theory of the interpretation of texts, or is the science that searches in the mechanisms of understanding, and it began in modern Western thought with the seventeenth century when it was separated from the field of understanding religious texts, to become a separate science in itself that discusses the processes of understanding and mechanisms of interpretation, however The hermeneutics is a concept and philosophy that subsequently evolved, as its applications extended to more extensive circles that included the fields of humanities such as history, anthropology, and literary criticism. Keywords: text, understanding, interpretation, history, reading. .

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This research addresses the phenomena of Terrorism, it contains of three chapters: one is for definition of terrorism, and the second is dangers of terrorism. The third chapter addresses the means of dealing with terrorism and reducing its threat in the light of the Sharia, such as: the right understanding of religion, and intentional reading of texts. The most important of findings are: Terrorism has weakened and torn the Islamic Ummah apart, and Terrorism shows Islam in the appearance of contradiction. The recommendations are including: to work towards correct understanding of the texts of the Holy Qur’an and the authentic Sunnah of the Prophet Mohammed, introducing all of this in our academic curricula, not only resorting to the security solution, extrapolating the suspicions of terrorists and extremists, and launching an awareness campaign to address young people. Keywords: terrorism, social relationships, intentional reading of texts, proper understanding of religion, exclusion, security solution. .

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The research aims to identify the variation in the purposes of prophetical visits, such as preaching, educational and social. Among the findings is maintaining relations with relatives, answering invitations, sharing different people in social events and activities, helping people to achieve their needs, etc. The research also identified the inclusion in the prophetical visits to different sects in the society regardless their faith, race, or social class. Further, these visits were marked by being free of personal ambitions and pragmatic interest. If the prophetical tradition in visits became a practice, then there will be no hatred, harmony will arise, social and family breakdown becomes rare, and society becomes solid and cohesive. Keywords: prophetical visits, Society, prophetical tradition .

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This research is part of Jurisprudence.Namely placing the hands on the chest in the prayer at the Malikis.In this research we present the views of the two groups:those who say release and those who say desecration, mentioning their evidence and judge them.Also, discuss the views of the two teams.Then we likely agree in favor of the strongest evidence and who of Imams work with.The reason of this dispute between the scholars of Malikis is the narration of Ibn Al-Qasem on his authority of Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him). Malik has been asked about placing the right hand over the left one. He said that he doesn't know that in duty , and he hated it. This narration is the one that caused the dispute between the Malikis, whether Imam Malik says desecration or release.The audience of the Malikis likely agree the release while a few of them says in desecration. The research has been divided in. Keywords: Fiqh, Malikis, Praying. .

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This study aimed at identifying the attitudes that the educational qualification diploma students have towards the competencies developed by the educational qualification program. The study sample comprised of all (108) enrolled and graduating students at the Palestine Technical University - Kadoorie, of whom (15) are enrolled in the program and (93) are graduates. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher prepared a questionnaire that consisted in its final form of (22) items distributed into three areas: knowledge and understanding, skills, and educational values. The results of the study showed the following: 1. The attitudes of the students of the educational qualification diploma towards the competencies developed by the educational qualification program was high, ranging between (4.44-4.48). The area regarding the educational values ranked first with the highest mean =4.48, while professional skills came in the last place with the mean = 4.44, and the overall mean of students’ attitude = 4.46. 2. There were no statistically significant differences (α = 0.05) attributed to the effect of the university GPA of undergraduate, experience, and the respondent's category on the overall tool and on all the areas. Keywords: Attitudes, students of qualification diploma, educational competencies, Palestine. .

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The study proposed to determine level of happiness among secondary school students in the Holey Makkah, and to examine if there were significant differences in happiness in light of variables as: specialization, achievement level, family monthly income, and family type. A random cluster sample of 600 students answered a life happiness scale after the psychometric of the scale were ensured. A statistical analyses of the data revealed a moderate level (2.17) of happiness among secondary school students in Holey Makkah, There were no statistical significant differences in the level of happiness due to the student specialization, school level, family monthly income, and family type, in favor of those with GPA of excellent and very good levels, compared to those with a good level, There were statistical significant differences in favor of middle and highly income compared to those of low-income, and there were statistical significant differences in favor of the children of families where both parents are living together. The study suggested several recommendations. Keywords: happiness, students, high school. .

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