Journal: AAPS PharmSciTech, Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 398-401

Journal: Journal of pharmacy practice, Volume 25 Issue 4 Pages 471-476

Journal: Journal of clinical medicine research, Volume 5 Issue 5 Pages 389

The herbal medicinal plant, Convolvulus pluricaulis: a rasayana drug has been primarily advocated for use in mental stimulation and rejuvenation therapy. In ancient systems of Indian medicine, Ayurveda, the plant is also known by the name Shankhpushpi and has been shown to act as a prominent memory improving drug, a psychostimulant and tranquiliser. The plant displays its biological activity due to the presence of several alkaloids, flavanoids and coumarins as active chemicals. Previous reports by us and others have demonstrated beneficial effect of extracts of this plant in an in-vitro and in-vivo models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Justification of its potential for an ancient brain tonic has been provided recently by clinical studies on polyherbal formulation of this plant. This review attempts to compile information on Convolvulus Pluricaulis in order to establish this herbal drug as a potent natural therapeutic agent to combat AD related symptoms.

---

Journal: International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research 2016; 8(2): 68-74

Abstract Recently there was huge increase in using of 'herbal products'. These can be defined as plants, parts of plants or extracts from plants that are used for curing disease. However, Calophyllum species is a tropical plant and it has been used in traditional medicine, the limitation in safety and effectiveness information could lead to serious health problems. Providing information for communities by evaluating the phytochemical contents, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities will improve the therapeutic values. Three main Calophyllum canum fractions (none - high polar) were tested to find out the phenolic, flavonoid, flavonol content, DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power and chelating iron ions. Also were tested against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Psedomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans. In addition, cytotoxic activity was assayed against lung cancer A549 cell line. The methanol fraction showed no bioactivity but achieved the highest amount of phenolic, flavonol and flavonoid contents, also it showed a significant result as antioxidant, reducing power and chelating agent. The n-hexane fraction achieved the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value 12.5 μg. mL(-1) against B. cereus while the MIC value for DCM fraction was 25 μg. mL(-1). The DCM fraction was more active against S. aureus where the result was 50 μg. mL(-1) while the n-hexane fraction was 100 μg. mL(-1). The three main fractions have shown no activity against gram negative bacterial and fungal. The n-hexane and DCM fractions have shown cytotoxicity against lung cancer cell line; the 50% inhibition concentration (IC(50)) was 22 ± 2.64 and 32 ± 3.78 μg. mL(-1) respectively. The results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Among the results, C. canum fractions proved to be effective against gram positive bacterial and anti-proliferation activity. Also it showed antioxidant activity as well. The results provided beneficial information for communities as well as can help to search for alternative drugs, and will contribute to establish safe and effective use of phytomedicines in the treatment of diseases.

---

Journal: Pak J Pharm Sci. 2012 Jul;25(3):555-63.

Speech recognition is an important part of human-machine interaction which represents a hot area of researches in the field of computer systems, electronic engineering, communications, and artificial intelligence. While speech signal is very complex and contains huge number of sampling points, the extraction of features from its time and frequency domain is very complex by analytical methods. The neural network capabilities to estimate the complex functions make it very reliable in such applications. This paper presents speech recognizer based on feed forward neural network with multi layer perceptron structure. The speech is preprocessed by two methods; discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) and principal component analysis (PCA). The results and structure are presented and comparison is make over them.

---

Journal: International Conference on Computing, Communication and Control Engineering (IC4E'2015) May 22-23, 2015 Dubai (UAE)

Abstract: Clusiaceae / Guttiferae an evergreen shrubs or trees, it is considered as a family of 27 genera and 1090 species. Calophyllum rubiginosum one of these species and belongs to this family. In Malaysia they use it as folk remedies, where they believe its’ activity. Problem: Evaluation of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of three fractions. n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MeOH) of Calophyllum rubiginosum species. Approach: The three main fractions were tested to find out the antioxidant capacity using three different methods, DPPH radical scavenging, reducing power and chelating iron ions. The fractions were tested against lung cancer A-549 cell line to assess the anti-proliferation activity. Results: The MeOH fraction showed no effect against lung cancer cell line but achieved a significant result in antioxidant testing. The DCM and n-hexane fractions considered as moderate antioxidant agent, they showed a significant result against lung cancer cell line. Non and semi polar fractions were able to inhibit the proliferation of A-549 cell line at low concentration. The results were statistically significant (P< 0.05). Conclusions: C. rubiginosum fractions have showed significant activity. DCM and n-hexane fractions proved to be effective against A-549 lung cancer cell line, where they were able to disturb the cell proliferation. These results can benefit the local community, and to guide how to use this plant.

---

Journal: Vol 3, No 2 (2011)

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of stembark of Garcinia malaccensis (G. malaccensis) together with apoptotic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. METHODS: Purification and structure elucidation were carried out by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, respectively. MTT and trypan blue exclusion methods were performed to study the cytotoxic activity. Antibacterial activity was conducted by disc diffusion and microdilution methods, whereas antioxidant activities were done by ferric thiocyanate method and DPPH radical scavenging. RESULTS: The phytochemical study led to the isolation of α,β-mangostin and cycloart-24-en-3β-ol. α-Mangostin exhibited cytotoxic activity against HSC-3 cells with an IC(50) of 0.33 μM. β- and α-mangostin showed activity against K562 cells with IC(50) of 0.40 μM and 0.48 μM, respectively. α-Mangostin was active against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Bacillus anthracis (B. anthracis) with inhibition zone and MIC value of (19 mm; 0.025 mg/mL) and (20 mm; 0.013 mg/mL), respectively. In antioxidant assay, α-mangostin exhibited activity as an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSIONS: G. malaccensis presence α- and β-mangostin and cycloart-24-en-3β-ol. β-Mangostin was found very active against HSC-3 cells and K562. The results suggest that mangostins derivatives have the potential to inhibit the growth of cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. In addition, α-and β-mangostin was found inhibit the growth of Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria and also showed the activity as an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation.

---

Journal: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine (2012)136-141

Fingerprint recently has quite unique applications in many fields such as crime investigation and workers attendance control. The fingerprint is a personal identification tool as it differs from one person to another. Recent advances in computer programming and software production led to facilitate the use of fingerprint as a powerful computerized tool. This paper aims to develop a modified hybrid fingerprint recognition system, based on artificial neural network with Kohonen self-organized map (SOM), with minutiae matching technique. In order to recognize fingerprints, the acquired fingerprint data sets should be processed to enhancement the image for minutiae extraction. Image segmentation technique was implemented to localize the effective area of the fingerprint followed before applying the minutiae extraction that includes ridge thinning and minutiae marking. Then removal of the H-breaks, isolated points and false minutiae is applied.

---

Journal: Journal of Convergence Information Technology(JCIT) Volume11, Number1, January 2016

Abstract: Problem statement: Many species of plants in Malaysia are widely used in folk medicine. However, Calophyllum species have been used in traditional medicine for their therapeutic values for many years. Several studies reported that antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-HIV and anti-cancer compounds were isolated from numerous Calophyllum species. Approach: The stem bark was extracted by EtOH, after with it was fractionated with n-Hexane, Dichloromethane (DCM) and MeOH by using vacuum liquid chromatography apparatus. Phytochemical contents were examined to evaluate the phinolic, flavonoid and flavonol contents. Also the antimicrobial activity was carried out by using disc diffusion and dilution method to evaluate antimicrobial activity of the crude and the fractions respectively. Six references microbial strains of human pathogens were used for examined the anti microbial activity. The two Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus) and two Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) were used for antibacterial test. Also two fungal strains (Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans) were used for antifungal test. Results: Although the C. rubiginosum has phytochemicals as all plants, but it was showed a high content of flavonol in the range of 11.9- 15.2 µg mL−1 . The C. rubiginosum fractions were showed no activity against gram negative and fungus. However, the non polar and semi polar fractions were showed a result MIC 12.5 µg mL−1 against B.cereus bacteria. While the MeOH fraction indicated for low or no activity against bacteria and fungus. Conclusion: At last, the optimistic result of this study encourage us to go forward for further studies in the future to isolate the active compound of the stem bark of C. rubiginosum, where it could lead to a new antibiotic, whereas this species never investigated before.

---

Journal: American Journal of Applied Sciences 8 (3): 201-205, 2011