كتابة النص: الأستاذ الدكتور يوسف أبو العدوس - جامعة جرش قراءة النص: الدكتور أحمد أبو دلو - جامعة اليرموك مونتاج وإخراج : الدكتور محمد أبوشقير، حمزة الناطور، علي ميّاس تصوير : الأستاذ أحمد الصمادي الإشراف العام: الأستاذ الدكتور يوسف أبو العدوس
فيديو بمناسبة الإسراء والمعراج - إحتفال كلية الشريعة بجامعة جرش 2019 - 1440
فيديو بمناسبة ذكرى المولد النبوي الشريف- مونتاج وإخراج الدكتور محمد أبوشقير- كلية تكنولوجيا المعلومات
التميز في مجالات التعليم والبحث العلمي، وخدمة المجتمع، والارتقاء لمصاف الجامعات المرموقة محليا واقليميا وعالميا.
المساهمة في بناء مجتمع المعرفة وتطوره من خلال إيجاد بيئة جامعية، وشراكة مجتمعية محفزة للابداع، وحرية الفكر والتعبير، ومواكبة التطورات التقنية في مجال التعليم، ومن ثم رفد المجتمع بما يحتاجه من موارد بشرية مؤهلة وملائمة لاحتياجات سوق العمل.
تلتزم الجامعة بترسيخ القيم الجوهرية التالية: الإلتزام الإجتماعي والأخلاقي، الإنتماء،العدالة والمساواة، الإبداع، الجودة والتميّز، الشفافية والمحاسبة، الحرية المنظبطة والمستقبلية.
يحمل شهادة الدكتوراة تخصص بيولوجيا النبات من جامعة مارتن لوثر الالمانية سنة 2010
دكتوراه
1- الوظيفة: أستاذ مشارك جهة العمل: جامعة جرش التاريخ: Oct 2010 – present
The tribe Stipeae with an estimated number of ca. 600 species is part of the grass subfamily Pooideae and has near worldwide distribution. Its species are often dominant constituents of steppe vegetation and other grasslands, especially in Eurasia, the Americas and Australia. The taxonomy of Old World Stipeae has been studied to date primarily on the basis of morphology and anatomy, while existing molecular phylogenetic investigations have mainly dealt with New World or Australian taxa. We studied 109 new ingroup taxa with a focus on Old World Stipeae (in addition with an extensive outgroup sampling) using chloroplast and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences (3′trnK region, ITS1–5.8S gene–ITS2), and discuss taxonomic key characters. Five highly supported monophyletic lineages were identified, some of which were rather unexpected: (a) the narrowly defined Stipa core clade, which is primarily Eurasian but extends into Africa north of the Sahara Desert, (b) the majority of Old World Piptatherum, (c) a “Transcontinental Stipeae Clade” encompassing Eurasian, African, American and Australian lineages, (d) a Himalayan to E Asian clade and (e) the single species Achnatherum splendens. The large “Transcontinental Stipeae Clade” contained several lineages of Eurasian Stipeae different from the Stipa core (a), i.e., genera Aristella, Celtica, Oloptum gen. nov., Stipella stat. et. gen. nov., species of Achnatherum, and the species-rich lineages of Nassella/Jarava in America and of Austrostipa in Australia. In our circumscription Ptilagrostis was nested in (d), a clade (which included some species of Achnatherum and poorly studied Himalayan species ascribed to either Stipa or Orthoraphium) and whose internal structure remained unclear. Oloptum, gen. nov., is described, and the following combinations are made: Achnatherum pelliotii, comb. nov., Aristella keniensis, comb. nov., Oloptum miliaceum, comb. nov., Stipella, stat. et. gen. nov., S. capensis, comb. nov., S. nitens, comb. nov., S. parviflora, comb. nov., S. staintonii, comb. nov., and S. tigrensis, comb. nov.
Strong environmental gradients can affect the genetic structure of plant populations, but little is known as to whether closely related species respond similarly or idiosyncratically to ecogeographic variation. We analysed the extent to which gradients in temperature and rainfall shape the genetic structure of four Stipa species in four bioclimatic regions in Jordan. Genetic diversity, differentiation and structure of Stipa species were investigated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) molecular markers. For each of the four study species, we sampled 120 individuals from ten populations situated in distinct bioclimatic regions and assessed the degree of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation within and among populations. The widespread ruderals Stipa capensis and S. parviflora had higher genetic diversity than the geographically restricted semi-desert species S. arabica and S. lagascae. In three of the four species, genetic diversity strongly decreased with precipitation, while genetic diversity increased with temperature in S. capensis. Most genetic diversity resided among populations in the semi-desert species (ΦST = 0.572/0.595 in S. arabica/lagascae) but within populations in the ruderal species (ΦST = 0.355/0.387 S. capensis/parviflora). Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and STRUCTURE analysis showed that Stipa populations of all species clustered ecogeographically. A genome scan revealed that divergent selection at particular AFLP loci contributed to genetic differentiation. Irrespective of their different life histories, Stipa species responded similarly to the bioclimatic gradient in Jordan. We conclude that, in addition to predominant random processes, steep climatic gradients might shape the genetic structure of plant populations.
Environmental gradients, and particularly climatic variables, exert a strong influence on plant distribution and, potentially, population genetic diversity and differentiation. Differences in water availability can cause among-population variation in ecological processes and can thus interrupt populations’ connectivity and isolate them environmentally. The present study examines the effect of environmental heterogeneity on plant populations due to environmental isolation unrelated to geographic distance. Using AFLP markers, we analyzed genetic diversity and differentiation among 12 Salvia spinosa populations and 13 Salvia syriaca populations from three phytogeographical regions (Mediterranean, Irano-Turanian and Saharo-Arabian) representing the extent of the species’ geographic range in Jordan. Differences in geographic location and climate were considered in the analyses. For both species, flowering phenology varied among populations and regions. Irano-Turanian and Saharo-Arabian populations had higher genetic diversity than Mediterranean populations, and genetic diversity increased significantly with increasing temperature. Genetic diversity in Salvia syriaca was affected by population size, while genetic diversity responded to drought in S. spinosa. For both species, high levels of genetic differentiation were found as well as two well-supported phytogeographical groups of populations, with Mediterranean populations clustering in one group and the Irano-Turanian and Saharo-Arabian populations in another. Genetic distance was significantly correlated to environmental distance, but not to geographic distance. Our data indicate that populations from moist vs. arid environments are environmentally isolated, where environmental gradients affect their flowering phenology, limit gene flow and shape their genetic structure. We conclude that environmental heterogeneity may act as driver for the observed variation in genetic diversity.
Stipa steppes are considered to be an important model ecosystem in arid land ecology owing to their wide geographical distribution and their strong association with human activities. This paper presents data on the seed germination of four Jordanian Stipa species (Stipa capensis, Stipa parviflora, Stipa arabica and Stipa lagascae) that are widespread throughout various phytogeographical regions in Jordan. We studied variation in seed germination under laboratory conditions among populations and under various temperature regimes. There was significant variation in seed germination with temperature in all four species and seed provenance was significant for three out of the four species. The temperature levels that were most suitable for germination varied from low (8/4°C and 20/10°C) for S. lagascae to high (20/10°C and 32/20°C) for S. capensis; S. arabica and S. parviflora germinated equally well at all three temperature regimes. Variations among populations were species specific, but populations with the highest seed germination were always of arid and Saharan Mediterranean origin. Thus, seed germination was negatively correlated with annual precipitation. Such flexibility among temperatures and populations could be interpreted as an efficient survival strategy for species growing under unpredictable environmental conditions. Where artificial reseeding is necessary, differences among species and also among different seed provenances should be taken into account.
Salvia spinosa L. and Salvia syriaca L. are perennial medicinal herbs that occur in theMediterranean, Irano-Turanian and Saharo-Arabian phytogeographic regions of Jordan.With respect to the seed germination requirements, prevailing environmental conditionsin each phytogeographic region may promote local adaptation and consequently affectthe distribution range of the species. Using seeds of both species collected from populationsacross the three regions, we tested responses to variations in temperature andsalinity under laboratory conditions. Both species showed significant differences incumulative germination percentages and germination rates (modified Timson Index) withtemperature, while origin only significantly affected S. spinosa seeds. Both species germinatedbest under the highest temperature regime (32/20°C). The low temperatureregime (8/4°C) completely inhibited germination in S. syriaca, wheras it led to 80% to 95%germination in S. spinosa, with significant variation being recorded between the phytogeographicregions. For both species, salt solutions of 0, 25 and 50 mM NaCl yielded thehighest germination percentages and rates, which sharply and significantly declined athigher concentrations (100 and 200 mM NaCl). Our results provide evidence of localadaptation of the study species to salinity and temperature in the respective maternalenvironments, particularly in the Irano-Turanian and Saharo-Arabian regions. Such differentiationshould be accounted for in future conservation planning.
In arid and semi-arid countries such as Jordan, shortage in water sources might affect agricultural development and reduces the effectiveness of economic benefits of most crops planted in such areas. Tomato is an important agricultural crop and faces severe drought stress due to climate changes, therefore, measurement of proline accumulation in plant tissues is used as an indicator for drought stress tolerance. This research was conducted at Jarash University Campus in northern Jordan. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the impact of different storage temperature (+4ºC, - 20ºC and -80ºC) and different storage durations (0, 3, 6 and 11 weeks) on proline content in five different Jordanian tomato landraces. Results indicated that the average free proline content for samples tested directly after leaves collection was 7.1 µmol/g. Proline content in leaves stored at +4 ºC for 3, 6, and 11 weeks was 4.8, 1.8, and 1.1µmol/g, respectively, while for -20ºC was 11.8, 7.9, and 9.5 µmol/g for samples stored for 3, 6, 11 weeks respectively. In contrast the highest values for these parameters were obtained from samples stored at -80ºC, the average measured values of free proline content were 9.5, 7.8, and 12.9 µmol/g at 3, 6, and 11 weeks of storage, respectively. Based on the results obtained by this research, it is recommended to measure proline content directly after leaves collection. However, for large number of samples, keeping the samples at -20ºC not longer than six weeks could be a solution. Finally, we highly recommend the development of in-field method for measurement of free proline content.
Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is a valuable plant and crop with potential industrial uses, yet little is known on how its cultivation could benefit from soilless substrates. This study aimed to assess the effects of different soilless growth media on herbal yields (fresh and dry), proximate chemical composition, total phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity of purslane cultivated in a closed system. The greatest yields over five harvest cycles were obtained with tuff-peatmoss (2:1 mixture) compared with other soilless substrates, although the edible leaves were not as rich in proteins, lipids, minerals, and phenolic compounds. The highest content of proteins (31.4% and 30.4%), lipids (0.68% and 0.75%), total phenolics (646.9 and 684.9 mg/100 g), flavonoids (597.8 and 563.8 mg/100 g), and moisture (92.5% and 93.5%) in the leaves were found in purslane grown in tuff-peatmoss-perlite (2:1:1) and in zeolitic tuff, respectively. Antioxidant activity of leaf extracts was also the highest in purslane grown in both substrates and was similar to the antioxidant activity of leaf extracts from soil-grown purslane obtained commercially and from the wild. The protein and lipid content obtained with tuff-peatmoss-perlite (2:1:1) and zeolitic tuff were superior to those of soil-grown purslane. The results show that the nutritive and antioxidant qualities of purslane can be enhanced through soilless cultivation and selection of suitable culture media.
Twenty-nine Jordanian tomato landraces (Solanum lycopersicum L.) were characterized using inter-simple sequence repeats marker (ISSRs). Seven primers of ISSR could generate 77 markers; 51 of which were polymorphic. The lowest genetic similarity value (0.46) was found between landraces Jo964 and Jo955, while the highest (0.94) was obtained between landraces Jo983 and 29. The dendrogram shows that the samples are clustered in two main groups. The first group includes 4 landraces, and there are 25 landraces in the second group, which comprises one subgroup containing 13 landraces. Accessions collected from the Irbid region reported more mean values for the effective alleles (1.64), Shannon index (0.49), and heterozygosity (0.34). This study highlighted the diversity among Jordanian tomato landraces conserved in the National gene bank. These results will help in the establishment of a core collection for conserving collected landraces. The precise molecular characterization will help in efficient management and genetic improvement of local landraces.
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